What lasting impact did Scientific Management have on modern business practices?

The lasting impact of Scientific Management on modern business practices is significant, particularly in how it laid the groundwork for operations research and industrial engineering. Pioneered by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the early 20th century, Scientific Management introduced methods for optimizing labor productivity and efficiency in the workplace. This approach emphasized the analysis and synthesis of workflows, seeking to improve processes through data-driven decisions.

The principles of Scientific Management, such as time studies, standardized work processes, and the scientific selection of workers, provided a systematic framework that later evolved into more complex fields like operations research and industrial engineering. These fields continue to optimize systems by utilizing mathematical methods and statistical analysis to enhance productivity, reduce waste, and improve overall efficiency in business operations.

In contrast, the other options illustrate concepts that do not align with the principles established by Scientific Management. For instance, it did not eliminate the need for management; instead, it emphasized the role of management in optimizing worker output. Furthermore, it did not promote employee complacency or discourage specialization; in fact, it often led to a more specialized workforce where each worker performed specific tasks to improve efficiency.