Which approach does Taylor advocate for replacing in work methods?

Frederick W. Taylor, the founder of Scientific Management, advocated for replacing rule-of-thumb work methods with systematic and scientifically-based approaches to improve efficiency and productivity in the workplace. Rule-of-thumb methods rely on informal, subjective techniques that lack consistent standards; they are often based on personal experience and intuition rather than empirical research or systematic observation.

Taylor proposed that by applying scientific methods to work tasks—analyzing workflows, standardizing procedures, and establishing best practices—organizations could significantly enhance productivity. This included breaking down tasks into smaller components, timing workers to determine the most efficient ways to perform tasks, and scientifically selecting and training workers for specific jobs. Taylor believed that this systematic approach would lead to more predictable and efficient outcomes compared to the unstructured nature of rule-of-thumb methods.

The emphasis on empirical data, observation, and systematic testing distinguishes Taylor's scientific management from other less structured management practices. Consequently, replacing rule-of-thumb methods with scientifically determined processes was a central tenet of Taylor's philosophy on improving labor efficiency and enhancing organizational productivity.